System
basics
|
Task
|
RHEL5
|
RHEL6
|
RHEL7
|
|
View subscription information
|
/etc/sysconfig/rhn/systemid
|
/etc/sysconfig/rhn/systemid
subscription-manager identity
|
subscription-manager identity
|
|
Configure subscription
|
rhn_register
|
rhn_register
rhnreg_ks
subscription-manager
|
subscription-manager1
rhn_register 2
|
|
View RHEL version information
|
/etc/redhat-release
|
||
|
View system profile
|
sosreport
dmidecode
hwbrowser
|
sosreport
dmidecode
lshw
|
|
Basic
configuration
|
Task
|
RHEL5
|
RHEL6
|
RHEL7
|
|
Graphical configuration tools
|
system-config-*
|
gnome-control-center
|
|
|
Text-based configuration tools
|
system-config-*-tui
|
||
|
Configure printer
|
system-config-printer
|
||
|
Configure network
|
system-config-network
|
nmcli
nmtui
nm-connection-editor
|
|
|
Configure system language
|
system-config-language
|
localectl
|
|
|
Configure time and date
|
system-config-date
|
timedatectl
date
|
|
|
Synchronize time and date
|
ntpdate
/etc/ntp.conf
|
timedatectl
/etc/chrony.conf
|
|
|
Configure keyboard
|
system-config-keyboard
|
localectl
|
|
|
Configure samba
|
smbclient
/etc/samba/smb.conf
smbpasswd
|
||
|
Configure SSH
|
/etc/ssh/ssh_config
/etc/ssh/sshd_config
~/.ssh/config ssh-keygen
|
||
Jobs
and services
|
Task
|
RHEL5
|
RHEL6
|
RHEL7
|
|
List all services
|
chkconfig --list
ls /etc/init.d/
|
systemctl -at service
ls
/etc/systemd/system/*.service
ls
/usr/lib/systemd/system/*.service
|
|
|
List running services
|
service --status-all
|
systemctl -t service
--state=active
|
|
|
Start/stop service
|
service name start
service name stop
|
systemctl startname.service
systemctl stopname.service
|
|
|
Enable/disable service
|
chkconfig name on
chkconfig name off
|
systemctl enablename.service
systemctl disablename.service
|
|
|
View service status
|
service name status
|
systemctl statusname.service
|
|
|
Check if service is enabled
|
chkconfig name
|
systemctl is-enabledname
|
|
|
Create new service file or modify
configuration
|
chkconfig --add
|
systemctl daemon-reload
|
|
|
View run level/target
|
runlevel
who -r
|
systemctl get-default
who -r
|
|
|
Change run level/target
|
/etc/inittab
init run_level
|
systemctl isolatename.target
systemctl set-default
|
|
|
Configure logging
|
/etc/syslog.conf
|
/etc/rsyslog.conf
|
/etc/rsyslog.conf
/etc/rsyslog.d/*.conf
/var/log/journal
systemd-journald.service
|
|
View logs
|
/var/log
|
/var/log
journalctl
|
|
|
Configure system audit
|
add audit=1 to
kernel cmdline
auditctl
/etc/audit/auditd.conf
/etc/audit/audit.rules
authconfig
/etc/pam.d/system-auth
pam_tty_audit kernel module
|
||
|
View audit output
|
aureport /var/log/faillog
|
||
|
Schedule tasks
|
cron
at
|
||
|
Configure batch tasks
|
batch
|
||
|
Find file by name
|
locate
|
||
|
Find file by characteristic
|
find
|
||
|
Create archive
|
tar
cpio
zip
gzip
bzip2
|
||
Kernel,
boot, and hardware
|
Task
|
RHEL5
|
RHEL6
|
RHEL7
|
|
Single user/rescue mode
|
append 1 or s or init=/bin/bash to
kernel cmdline
|
append rd.break orinit=/bin/bash to
kernel cmdline
|
|
|
Shut down system
|
shutdown
|
systemctl shutdown
|
|
|
Power off system
|
poweroff
|
systemctl poweroff
|
|
|
Halt system
|
halt
|
systemctl halt
|
|
|
Reboot system
|
reboot
|
systemctl reboot
|
|
|
Configure default run level/target
|
/etc/inittab
|
systemctl set-default
|
|
|
Configure GRUB bootloader
|
/boot/grub/grub.conf
|
/etc/default/grub
grub2-mkconfig
grub-set-default
|
|
|
Configure kernel module
|
modprobe
|
||
|
View hardware configured
|
hwbrowser
|
lshw
|
|
|
Configure hardware device
|
udev
|
||
|
View kernel parameters
|
sysctl -a
cat /proc/cmdline
|
||
|
Load kernel module
|
modprobe
|
||
|
Remove kernel module
|
modprobe -r
|
||
|
View kernel version
|
rpm -q kernel
uname -r
|
||
Software
management
|
Task
|
RHEL5
|
RHEL6
|
RHEL7
|
|
Install software
|
yum install
yum groupinstall
|
yum install
yum group install
|
|
|
View software info
|
yum info
yum groupinfo
|
yum info
yum group info
|
|
|
Update software
|
yum update
|
||
|
Upgrade software
|
yum upgrade
|
||
|
Configure software repository
|
/etc/yum.repos.d/*.repo
|
||
|
Find file in package
|
rpm -qf filename
|
||
|
View software version
|
rpm -q packagename
|
||
|
View installed software
|
rpm -qa
|
||
User
management
|
Task
|
RHEL5
|
RHEL6
|
RHEL7
|
|
Graphical user management
|
system-config-users
|
||
|
Create user account
|
useradd
|
||
|
Delete user account
|
userdel
|
||
|
Change user account details
|
usermod
|
||
|
View user account details
|
usermod
/etc/passwd
|
||
|
Create user group
|
groupadd
|
||
|
Delete user group
|
groupdel
|
||
|
Change group details
|
groupmod
|
||
|
Change user password
|
passwd username
|
||
|
Change user permissions
|
usermod
/etc/sudoers
|
||
|
Change group permissions
|
groupmod
/etc/sudoers
|
||
|
Change password policy
|
chage
|
||
|
Encrypted password location
|
/etc/shadow
|
||
|
View/end user sessions
|
w
|
||
File
systems, volumes, and disks
|
Task
|
RHEL5
|
RHEL6
|
RHEL7
|
|
Default file system
|
ext3
|
ext4
|
xfs
|
|
Create/modify disk partitions
|
fdisk
parted
|
fdisk
gdisk
parted
ssm create
|
|
|
Format disk partition
|
mkfs.filesystem_type (ext4,
xfs)
mkswap
|
mkfs.filesystem_type (ext4,
xfs)
mkswap
ssm create
|
|
|
Defragment disk space
|
copy data to new file system
fsck (look for 'non-contiguous
inodes')
|
copy data to new file system
fsck (look for 'non-contiguous
inodes')
xfs_fsr
|
|
|
Mount storage
|
mount
/etc/fstab
|
mount
/etc/fstab
ssm mount
|
|
|
Mount and activate swap
|
/etc/fstab
swapon -a
|
||
|
Automatically mount at boot
|
/etc/fstab
|
||
|
View free disk space
|
df
|
||
|
View logical volume info
|
lvdisplay
lvs
vgdisplay
vgs
pvdisplay
pvs
|
||
|
Create physical volume
|
pvcreate
|
pvcreate
ssm create (if backend is lvm)
|
|
|
Create volume group
|
vgcreate
|
vgcreate
ssm create (if backend is lvm)
|
|
|
Create logical volume
|
lvcreate
|
lvcreate
ssm create (if backend is lvm)
|
|
|
Enlarge volumes formatted with
default file system
|
vgextend
lvextend
resize2fs
|
vgextend
lvextend
xfs_growfs
ssm resize
|
|
|
Shrink volumes formatted with
default file system
|
resize2fs
lvreduce
vgreduce
|
XFS cannot currently be shrunk;
copy desired data to a smaller file system.
|
|
|
Check/repair file system
|
fsck
|
fsck
ssm check
|
|
|
View NFS share
|
showmount -e
mount
|
||
|
Configure NFS share
|
/etc/exports
service nfs reload
|
/etc/exports
systemctl reload nfs.service
|
|
|
Automatically mount after boot
|
/etc/auto.master.d/*.autofs
/etc/auto.*
|
||
|
Change file permissions
|
chmod
chown
chgrp
umask
|
||
|
Change access control list
|
setfacl
|
||
Networking
|
Task
|
RHEL5
|
RHEL6
|
RHEL7
|
|
Configure name resolution
|
/etc/hosts
/etc/resolv.conf
|
/etc/hosts
/etc/resolv.conf
nmcli con mod
|
|
|
Configure hostname
|
/etc/sysconfig/network
|
hostnamectl
/etc/hostname
nmtui
|
|
|
View network interface info
|
ip addr
ifconfig
brctl
|
ip addr
nmcli dev show
teamdctl
brctl
bridge
|
|
|
Configure network interface
|
/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-*
|
/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-*
nmcli con [add|mod|edit]
nmtui
nm-connection-editor
|
|
|
View routes
|
ip route
|
||
|
Configure routes
|
/etc/sysconfig/network
system-config-network
|
||
|
Configure firewall
|
iptables and ip6tables
/etc/sysconfig/ip*tables
|
iptables and ip6tables
/etc/sysconfig/ip*tables
system-config-firewall
|
firewall-cmd
firewall-config
|
|
Configure DHCP client
|
/etc/dhcpd.conf
/etc/dhcp6c.conf
|
dhcpd
/etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf
/etc/sysconfig/dhcpd
|
|
|
View ports/sockets
|
ss
lsof
netstat
|
ss
lsof
|
|
Security
and identity
|
Task
|
RHEL5
|
RHEL6
|
RHEL7
|
|
Configure system security
|
/etc/selinux/config
chcon
restorecon
semanage
setsebool
system-config-selinux
|
||
|
Report on system security
|
sealert
|
||
|
LDAP, SSSD, Kerberos
|
authconfig
authconfig-tui
authconfig-gtk
|
||
|
Network users
|
getent
|
||
Resource
management
|
Task
|
RHEL5
|
RHEL6
|
RHEL7
|
|
Trace system calls
|
strace
|
||
|
Trace library calls
|
ltrace
|
||
|
Change process priority
|
nice
renice
|
||
|
Change process run location
|
taskset
|
||
|
Kill a process
|
kill
pkill
killall
|
||
|
View system usage
|
top
ps
sar
iostat
netstat
vmstat
mpstat
numastat
|
top
ps
sar
iostat
netstat
ss
vmstat
mpstat
numastat
tuna
|
top
ps
sar
iostat
ss
vmstat
mpstat
numastat
tuna
|
|
View disk usage
|
df
|
df
iostat
|
|
Reference :
https://access.redhat.com/articles/1189123
Thanks for write up. You have a very good blog.
ReplyDelete