1.In which File is Static IP address given so that it becomes Permanent?
/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0
2.To Check Which Service is running at Present in System what is the Command?
service –status-all
ps –ef
3.How to trace any process background processing?
ps -aux
4.How to build new filesystem ? and what is irig file system?
mke2fs /dev/hda(sda)
mkfs
mk
5.Which command is used to see all the system configuration?
like hardware, HDD, memory etc.
lspci -vv
6.What is the difference between Telnet and SSH?
ssh is a secured shell, where telnet is not a secured
one.when you ssh to trasnfer data between a system, the data
will be send in the encrypted form, where the hacker cannot
encode or decode it. While you telnet,the data send between
the system is alphabetical format(ASCII), where every one
can understand. More over as per network security, telnet
and ftp are prohibited. Always, trust SSL based data transfer.
7.What is the difference between unix and linux…
graphics is the main difference
extra more command are in linux
userfriendly then unix
8.what is mean by raid and what are all raids available even in software and hardware?
Raid Stands for Redundant Array of Independent Disks.It is
a set of Technology standards for Teamingup DiskDrives to
improve Performence and FaultTolerance. Totally there are 6
levels in Raid
0 – stripping
1 – Mirroring
2 – Stripping and Mirroring
3 – Onfficially Not Defined
4 – Striping with Differential Parity
5 – Striping with Distributional Parity
9.why the kernel panic error was appering?
kernel panic acured when linux kernel can not communicat with any hardware or any OS related file
10.What are the main differences between RHEL4 & RHEL5?
Of course RHEL5 security is the main advantage than RHEL4
in RHEL5 it has the updates like XEN, Yum and many
additional packages which supports all the third party softwares
11. How To Hide the FTP Version?
Stop httpd service.
12.what is difference between inetd and xinetd ?
The major difference between inetd and the newer xinetd is that inetd uses a single configuration file, with one line per service, while xinetd uses a configuration directory, with one file per service
13.What is LILO?
LILO stands for Linux boot loader. It will load the MBR, master boot record, into the memory, which tell the system which partition and hard drive to boot.
14.why accounting Software does not support on linux?
Bcoz the accounting software is have .exe file. And linux doesn’t support .exe file. so accounting software does not support on linux.
15.How to give 2 different gateway IP addresses for 2 different interfaces in same system ?
route add -net 192.168.2.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 gw 192.168.0.2 dev eth0
route add -net 192.168.1.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 gw 192.168.0.3 dev eth1
16.How does the boot process[init levels] work on Linux?
1. The system BIOS checks the system and launches the first
stage boot loader on the MBR of the primary hard disk.
2. The Frist stage boot loader loads itself into memory and
launches the second stage boot loader from the /boot/
partition.
3. The second stage boot loader loads the kernel into
memory, which in turn loads any necessary modules and
mounts the root
partition read-only.
4. The kernel transfers control of the boot process to the /
sbin/init program.
5. The /sbin/init program loads all services and user-space
tools, and mounts all partitions
listed in /etc/fstab.
6. The user is presented with a login screen for the
freshly booted Linux system.
17.What is the difference between an argument and an option/switch?
option specifies the command how to run
arguement specifies the command on what to run
18.How to send automated email to a set of people at fixed time ?
Just create a alias of people and create a command file and create a crond entry.
19.What is the minimum number of partitions you need to install Linux?
/
/boot
/swap
20.There are 4 network Interfaces, how can we find which one is Primary ?
When you type the command netstat -nr in your shell, youwill find a line starting with 0.0.0.0. Something like
0.0.0.0 192.168.0.4 0.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 eth0
This line indicates if the system tries to contact a network outside its local network. It will first contact the router 192.168.0.4 and it does it with the primary interface. Hence in this case its eth0. So you can check this line for the primary interface
21.What is the difference between home directory and working directory?
Home directory is one over which user have complete control and it is its default working directory when its logs in. while the working directory is the users current directory which may or may not be his home directory.
22.How can you see all mounted drives?
we can see all mounted drives
#mount
#df -Th
23.How to check all open ports on linux machine and block unsed ports?
open ports – nmap localhost
block unsed ports -
#nmap -v localhost for tcp
#nmap -sU localhost for udp
24.What are RPM?s, what do they offer?
The full form of RPM is Redhat Package Manager. rpm is a powerful Package Manager, which can be used to build,install, query, verify, update, and erase individual software packages. A package consists of an archive of files and meta-data used to install and erase the archive files.
25.You want to create a compressed backup of the users’ home directories. What utility should you use?
tar -cvzf user.tar.gz /home/user
26.What utility can you use to automate rotation of logs?
logrotate
27.How u use the iptable firewall to restrict ssh,telnet,ftp ?
iptables -A INPUT -s
28.What file should you examine to determine the defined runlevels for your system?
/etc/inittab
29.What is the name and path of the main system log?
var/log/messages - system log messages can be seen here
/var/log/dmesg - Kernel boot log messages can view
nice !
ReplyDelete